It also has types of seals, dual seals, gas seals, position of seals, split seals, type 1, bellow, spring, api. Single seals what seal flush from an external clean vice through cooler. The purpose of api 682 is to assist in the selection and operation of end face mechanical seals in centrifugal pumps. These definitions are carried over the previous editions. The rotating part is axially pressed against the stationary part. The api american petroleum institute 685 specification the. In either case, the following components are common to all mechanical seals. Most common types of pump seal piping plans for single seals are discussed in following paragraphs. This is an internal recirculation from the pump discharge into the seal chamber.
This seal design was amount the first single spring seals and proceeded the slightly less expensive type 21 seals. A number and a code indicate the configuration and materials used in each torishima mechanical seal. Type b is a cartridge mounted seal which utilizes the flexible metal. Years ago, most pump shafts were sealed using rings of soft packing, compressed by a packing gland, but this type of shaft seal required a fair amount of leakage just to lubricate the packing and keep. Mechanical seals explained the basics mechanical seals are leakage control devices, which are found on rotating equipment such as pumps and mixers to prevent the leakage of liquids and gases from escaping into the environment. Since its introduction in 1994, api 682 has become the standard that sets the global tone for the procurement and operation of seal and supply systems for centrifugal pumps in the oil and gas sector as well as in the petrochemical industry. Containment seals are the outer seal in a dual unpressurized seal arrangement. Api 682 is primarily intended for use in the petroleum, natural gas and chemical industries but is also referenced for other types of equipment and industries. Because mechanical shaft seal failures are the number one cause of pump downtime, we decided to dedicate this column to mechanical seal basics. The category 1, 2 and 3 seals are qualification tested to api 682. Increase seal chamber pressure and fluid vapor margin. Pumpsshaft sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary. Advancements in mechanical sealing api 682 fourth edition. In the case of a dry running containment seal, the.
The aesseal api type a, b and c singleseal range offers the user an unprecedented range of api engineered sealing solutions to suit all application requirements. Uk seals supply all common industry standard mechanical seal types and dimensional standards. It reduces leakage between the pump and the surroundings to an absolute minimum. Video tutorial of mechanical seals and centrifugal pumps. Seal chamber and stuffing box both refer to a chamber, either integral with or separate from the pump case housing that forms the region between the shaft and casing where sealing media are installed. The chesterton a2382 cartridge dual seal is designed specifically for stringent refinery applications, meeting the api 682 standard, type a pusher seal requirements.
Modular design allows the users to select the right solution for their application. Api 682qualified, dual pressurized cartridge, type a oring pusher seal the type 3648 is a highperformance, lowemission cartridge seal designed for maximum containment of hazardous fluids and light hydrocarbons. There are various types and arrangement of the mechanical seals being used for the centrifugal pumps. Mechanical seals areconstructed of a wide range of materials. Symbols a area of sliding face a h area hydraulically loaded by medium pressure b width of sliding face. When to consider using an api 610 vs4 vertical pump. The ability of a mechanical seal to meet its performance objectives depends upon a wide range of factors involving equipment design, operating conditions, and support systems. Techmachine design 16481d1509 gudlavalleru engineering college sheshadri rao knowle slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Pumps shaft sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps api standard 682 is the standard about end face mechanical seals. This articles describes some of the commonly used mechanical seal types like cartridge type mechanical seals, balanced type, unbalanced type, conventional, pusher, and nonpusher type of mechanical seals. Clean, nonpolymerizing fluids at moderate temperatures. When the sealing is achieved by means of a mechanical seal, the chamber is commonly referred to as a seal.
We also provide a huge range of equipment specific mechanical seal replacements for all major global pump manufacturers. Austenitic stainless steel type 316, 316l, 316ti or equivalent unless otherwise. He recently served on the task force for the revision of api 619 fourth edition. Different types of pumps mechanical seal piping plans are detailed in api 682 or iso 21049 standards pump seal piping plans for single seals. Mechanical seal types industry standard or custom design.
Packing although mechanical seals had been around for many decades, by 1955 industry had converted only a small percentage of pumps from packing to mechanical seals. Rather the standard was to serve as a guide to selecting seals based on. Type a is a balanced, cartridge mounted seal which utilized elastomeric secondary seals. Common types of dual seals are addressed in another article. Search in john crane catalogs and technical brochures on directindustry and find the information you need in 1 click. The expert engineering has developed api american petrolium institute 682 seals for the oil and gas industry market. Sarbs pump maintenance seminar, june 7, 2012 seal typesseal types causes of seal failure piping plans sealinggg water usage safeunit flowmeters.
Seal type the mechanical seal shown in the pump photograph is a type 1 mechanical seal. Mechanical shaft seal a mechanical shaft seal consists of two main components. One of the test rigs for runnning seal qualification tests according to api at. H and l types are typically singlespring seals, while the m types. Api 682 is the api standard about mechanical seals. Api piping plans help to ensure good conditions for mechanical seal operation. There are many types of containment devices but fixed bushings typically have the.
This means that seals designed for asme b73 seal chambers will fit seal chambers on api 610 pumps, but the converse is not true. There is no need for a complex mechanical seal at the top plate, usually just a simple vapour seal is required which. The mechanical shaft seal is essentially a throttle arranged around the shaft. The 4th edition of api 682 standard shaft sealing systems for rotary pumps i. It is based on the combined knowledge and experience of seal manufacturers, engineering companies and end users. Eagleburgmann range of balanced pusher and metal bellows mechanical seals acc. To install a seal, the pump would have to be taken offline and disassembled. But because asme b73 pumps usually are designed for lower pressures and temperatures than api 610 pumps, those dimensional constraints are not particularly limiting to category i mechanical seals.
This tutorial will help you to understand the mechanical seals and centrifugal pump. When new concepts are introduced or options are added to the standard, they must be captured in the definitions. Advancements in mechanical sealing api 682 fourth edition abstract api 682 iso 21049 is the leading document for mechani. Seal types describe the basic design features of the seal. The fundamental building blocks of api 2nd and 3rd editionsseal types. The complete cross reference for mechanical face seal replacement how to use this catalogue locate the manufacturer of the equipment. Customer specific variants of these plans are possible. In this type of seal often there are no metallic parts in contact with the product or.
The principle innovations of api 682 4th edition at a glance. Mechanical seal technology and selection eagleburgmann. The seal flush plan is as equally critical and perhaps more so to help establish a reliable operating mechanical seal. Mechanical seal working animation types of mechanical seal.
Api 682 4th edition application guide eagleburgmann. Whystandard flush plan in hot water seal chamber heat removal. Mechanical seals are usually endface seals or rotatingface seals, but in some designs they can be circumferential or even a hybrid of lip type seals. The api plans elaborated in this section are as defined by api 682 4th edition api. Included in this list is the selection of the materials of construction of the seal. The knowledge link for machining industry at grundfos. The manufacturer listings are alphabetical, refer to pages 7. All the above gives rise to extremely demanding requirements for the mechanical seals and for the auxiliary elements supplied with them. A technical seminar on types of mechanical seals presented by n. At utex, we refer to this type as rs1 the assembly shown in the pump is configured with a. Sealing systems for pumpssealing systems for pumps part i. Lts or lqt reservoirs, or elements such as cyclones.
Three new seal types were introduced in the second edition. Api 682 has created definitions for many of the common features and attributes of mechanical seals and systems. For double mechanical seals backtoback en specifies the short type only. Figure 1 shows a typical centrifugal pump, which highlights its constituent parts, including the mechanical seal. The api seal plans elaborated in this section are as defined by api 682 4th edition api 610 10th edition. Shelby scottshelby scott western region john crane incjohn crane, inc. Probably the most widely recognized and also most common mechanical seal used in general service, low pressure applications.
The api 682 standard is a powerful tool to carry out mechanical seal selection. Eagleburgmann mechanical seal type h75a4t api seal type a, rotating. These are standardized flushing piping arrangements that are widely used in the industry. Since most seals have no visible mechanical seal performance and related calculations. Flexa seal provides john crane type 6 replacement mechanical seals. Plan 01 is recommended to be used for clean pumped products, since dirty products can clod the.
After nearly six years of intensive work, the american petroleum institute api 682 mechanical seal standard is soon to be adopted. Api standard 682 from the american petroleum institute provides various seal plan configurations, their advantages and disadvantages and a good description of each of the plans. Common types of pumps mechanical seal piping plans. When to consider using an api 610 vs4 vertical pump instead of an api 610 vs1 there are various types of vertical pumps available from vs1 to vs7, each of which suits a range of applications. Mechanical seals according to en 12756 code system for single mechanical seals there is a distinction drawn between standard n and short k types. Our seals are totally interchangeable with all other manufacturers equivalent seals. The revised api 682 mechanical seal standard upstream. The seal ring which rotates with the shaft is called the rotary ring. Different types of pumps mechanical seal piping plans are detailed in api 682 or iso 21049 standards. Sealing systems for pumpssealing systems for pumps part ii presented by. One of the test rigs for runnning seal qualification tests according to api at eagleburgmann.
67 1412 48 1029 670 477 598 17 730 671 1044 1432 920 59 111 853 1178 777 19 117 829 1350 1100 612 609 229 695 212 955 44 1156 1060 1331 1318 885 452 1476 1323 1196 1212 740